Journal of Science and Healthcare Exploration

Abstract: India is an agrarian economy, with nearly 60 percent of its population directly or indirectly dependent on agriculture for livelihood. Although the Green Revolution ensured food grain self-reliance, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and hybrid seeds has resulted in declining soil fertility, water pollution, loss of biodiversity, and growing health concerns. In this context, organic farming has emerged as a viable pathway for sustainable development and farmers’ prosperity in India. Organic farming emphasizes the balanced use of natural inputs such as farmyard manure, green manure, compost, vermicompost, bio-fertilizers, and bio-pesticides. This system improves soil health, enhances microbial activity, and maintains agro-ecological balance while reducing dependence on costly chemical inputs, thereby lowering cultivation costs and strengthening farmers’ economic resilience. Rising health consciousness and increasing demand for chemical-free food have expanded domestic and global markets for organic products, enabling farmers to secure premium prices and higher incomes. This research paper examines the role of organic farming in achieving sustainable development and provides an analytical assessment of its current status, major challenges, and future prospects at both national and global levels. The study concludes that organic farming significantly contributes to environmental sustainability, resource conservation, income enhancement, and social well-being of farmers, making it a practical and effective approach for long-term agricultural development in India.